Overview
Start Here
I came back to chess wanting to reach NM for fun and for pride. This guide is part reflection and part giving back. It lays out the structure and methods I used. The ideas are mostly my own unless I cite someone.
If you take one thing away: do what makes chess fun for you. A rating goal shouldn't be an end in itself. I don't regret the training quirks that made the game fun for me, even the ones that weren't "optimal."
Who should you trust?
There is no chess god and no scripture. Improvement advice works more like academia: people test ideas and share what they found. Try what's commonly recommended, keep what works for you, and drop what doesn't. That includes everything on this site.
It's also worth spending ten minutes on your Chess Player Profile before you pick a plan.
The Big Picture
The Areas of Chess Training
Chess training takes many forms. These are the core areas I've found, and each one has more specific skills to work on as you progress. There's a lot to improve, which is both daunting and exciting: there's always something new to learn.
The good news is that you rarely get weaker in the short term (one to six months). You just get rusty or less sharp. Thanks to muscle memory, regaining your form is much easier than building it the first time.
My daily routine: a few tactics (I recommend at least 5
Lichess puzzles a day to stay sharp), a rapid game, and a review of that game. If you only do one thing, do this.
Openings
Setting a repertoire (White, Black, sidelines), learning the ideas and lines, then practice games and review.
Middlegames
Strategy and a toolkit of positional and tactical ideas. Calculation: tactics, combinations and visualization. Then practice positions and puzzles.
Endgames
Both practical and theoretical endgames, plus practice games and review.
Psychology
Mindset, your philosophy of the game and mindfulness at the board.
Decision Making
Frameworks for choosing a move, and scenario analysis when there's no clear answer.
Resources
Knowing how to use an engine, opening files, books, videos and homework. See Resources.
How to Train
What Should I Do at My Level?
I'm not going to reinvent the wheel here. For a level-by-level training plan, I point people to ChessDojo. It's a training program covering ratings from 0 to 2500, with free and paid tiers, founded by GM Jesse Kraai, IM Kostya Kavutskiy and IM David Pruess. Its Discord is very active, with training games and book clubs.
What I like about it is the focus on fundamentals:
- Play lots of games. Serious games are where improvement starts.
- Review without an engine first. Work out what happened yourself before checking.
- Analyze together. Reviewing games with other people catches what you'd miss alone.
- Cover all the bases. Openings, middlegames, endgames, tactics and calculation all get time.
Learn from my mistake: I went too far in one direction, burned out, and then came up short in my weakest areas, endgames and tactics. A balanced plan would have saved me a lot of time.
My Favorite Training Method
How I Review Games
After any longer game (10+ minutes), add it to a Lichess study. I keep all my training games together in one study so I can see my progress and spot patterns over time. I also add each game to my opening file for that line (more on that under Openings).
To track results over time, I use a self-analysis spreadsheet for openings and for tournament and training games. Feel free to make a copy.
1. Annotate first, without an engine
- Write down your thoughts move by move. Keep notes brief and to the point, like "expected 7…Ng4 but he went 7…h5."
- Add the key variations you considered and what you thought of them.
2. Then check with the engine
- Request a computer analysis on Lichess to see your accuracy and blunder count. It's the Lichess version of Chess.com's Game Review.
- Compare it with your notes. Where the engine disagreed, write down what it found and why you missed it. For example: "Engine found Nxe5! but I thought there wasn't enough compensation."
3. Don't over-rely on the engine
- It's a fact checker. It can give useful insight, but don't take its first word for granted. If a line feels funky, play it further until it shows something concrete.
- Ignore tiny differences. A gap of 0.2 or less usually isn't worth your time.
Tournament games
Follow the same process, but go into more detail. You'll have calculated many more lines and had many more thoughts during a tournament game, so get them down. Don't be tempted to open the engine before you annotate. Gukesh famously trained without engines for years.
Keep a tournament journal
During downtime between rounds, write about your mental state, your results, how you feel about your play, your lunch, the nice people you met, whatever comes to mind. It helps in three ways:
- It keeps things impersonal. You see your results more objectively, which reduces tilt.
- It gives you real downtime instead of worrying about the next game.
- It's fascinating to look back on. Sometimes the engine says you won a smooth game while your journal says you were sweating at the board, unsure your attack would work.
The First Moves
Opening Study
Before picking openings, it helps to know what kind of positions you enjoy. Here's the vocabulary I use:
| Profile | What it means |
| Closed | Locked pawn chains and slow maneuvering |
| Semi-open | One side's file opens early, so the game is unbalanced from the start |
| Open | Early pawn trades, open lines and active pieces |
| Sharp | Concrete, double-edged and tactical |
| Positional | Structure and long-term plans matter more than forcing lines |
| Hypermodern | Control the center from a distance, then strike at it |
| Classical | Occupy the center directly with pawns |
| System | The same setup against almost anything |
| Gambit | Material for initiative |
| Reversed | A known Black opening played as White with an extra tempo |
| Symmetrical | Both sides mirror each other's setup |
For what it's worth, I dislike symmetrical positions and gravitate toward classical openings, systems and positional lines.
Learning a new opening
- Test the waters. Watch videos, read something short, browse the Lichess masters database, or try a free Chessable "Short & Sweet" course. Check whether it gets you positions you actually want to play.
- Learn the main ideas. A coach can explain them quickly. My students ask me in a lesson, and I send files to study on their own time.
- Then commit. Give an opening a fair shot before switching, and write down why you like or dislike it.
- Don't min-max. You'll play better in positions you enjoy than in the "objectively best" line.
Keep opening files
After each longer game, add it to your opening file for that line, not just your training-games study. That way your comments and the common ideas sit right next to your real games. If I play a 10-minute game in the 7.g4 Semi-Slav, it goes in both places. Then I check where I went wrong and review the relevant lines, so either they don't out-prep me again or I go in more confident next time.
The week before a tournament
Brush up on your lines. If you have a Chessable course, run through its quick review for each system you play. It's one of the best ways to feel confident in your repertoire, because no other area improves as quickly in a week. Still keep up tactics and other training so you stay sharp.
Going Deeper
Prep Work and Process
Below NM, I'd rely on courses for your actual lines. Building your own prep can eat a lot of time without making you play better.
- Tools. ChessBase is the gold standard, but I reached NM using Lichess Studies. They work like ChessBase, minus some useful features, but are completely free, shareable, and editable in real time. HIARCS is a good option on Mac, and chessdb is useful for engine evaluations (use it with care).
- Process. Combine a strong engine, the masters database and your own brain.
Picking a prep style
I classify prep using a 2×2 matrix: ambitious or solid, mainline or offbeat. Choose the quadrant that fits the situation, for example a game you must win.
Ambitious + Offbeat
Highest risk and reward. This is the modern engine-prep approach, like Nxc6!? in the Accelerated Dragon.
Ambitious + Mainline
Live and die by the sword, Fischer and Kasparov style.
Solid + Mainline
Get an intuitive and playable game, like Seirawan's English.
Solid + Offbeat
Get a calm, imbalanced position and outplay them later. This is the typical club player's profile, and it described my old Hyper-Accelerated Dragon.
Find Your People
Chess Communities
Your chess community is simply the people you do chess with, and it's the single most important factor in my own comeback. Find one through a Google search, a local club, tournaments or pub chess.
Online, Free
Discord servers: several are full of 2000+ OTB players, many of them titled. Also ChessDojo, Chess.com and Lichess.
Online, Paid
Killer Chess Training and Pro Chess Training.
I don't post Discord invite links here, but each community is easy to find with a quick search.
Further Reading
Resources
Where to play and train
- Lichess: completely free. Unlimited puzzles with lots of themes if you get bored of the usual ones, plus studies for building your own database and browsing free public lessons. Public studies are especially good for drilling specific positions, like rook endgames.
- Chess.com: some features need a paid membership, which I don't think is necessary. If you already pay, its lessons from world-class coaches cover lots of topics and are usually high quality.
- Listudy: more free tactics training.
- Chessable: digital courses from world-class authors that make it easy to train and follow the comments. Full courses cost money, but up to five "Short & Sweet" opening courses are free per account. They're my top pick for figuring out which openings you like.
Chess media
Watch a wide variety of chess content that interests you, some for fun and some for serious study. I'm a huge fan of the late Daniel Naroditsky (1995–2025). He was a wonderful teacher who shared his love of the game, and his speedruns remain one of the best windows into how a top GM thinks. The US Chess School lectures are advanced but very good. I also enjoy recaps of top tournaments and following the pro scene, and there's plenty of short-form content if that's more your speed.
More from me
In Progress
Coming Soon
These sections are still being written:
- Tactics & Calculation COMING SOON
- Middlegames COMING SOON
- Endgames COMING SOON
- Mindset & Psychology COMING SOON
- Decision-Making Frameworks COMING SOON
- The Adult Improver Experience COMING SOON
Want help with any of these now? Book a lesson.